The demographics of India are remarkably diverse. India's population of approximately 1.17 billion people (estimate for July, 2009) consists of more than one-sixth of the world's population. India has more than two thousand ethnic groups, and every major religion is represented, as are four major families of languages (Indo-European, Dravidian, Austro-Asiatic and Tibeto-Burman languages) as well as a language isolate (the Nihali language spoken in parts of Maharashtra).
Further complexity is lent by the great variation that occurs across this population on social parameters such as income and education. Only the continent of Africa exceeds the linguistic, genetic and cultural diversity of the nation of India.
In 2009, India's nominal GDP stood at US$1.243 trillion, which makes it the twelfth-largest economy in the world. If PPP is taken into account, India's economy is the fourth largest in the world at US$3.561 trillion, corresponding to a per capita income of US$3,100. The country ranks 139th in nomimal GDP per capita and 128th in GDP per capita at PPP.[108] With an average annual GDP growth rate of 5.8% for the past two decades, the economy is among the fastest growing in the world.
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